The Effects Of Video Games On Youth s Social And Communal...

Kahne, et al (2008) statically did an experiment to examine the effect of video games on youth’s social and communal activities. The results showed that the youth that have ever played some social video games had more social and political capability than people who never played social video games. Among young gamers, 63% people have heard or seen â€Å"people becoming mean and more aggressive while playing violent games†, 49% people have heard or seen â€Å"people becoming hateful, racist and violent while playing violent games† and more people, 78% people, have witnessed â€Å"people becoming more generous and helping while playing†. Most violent computer games experiments share similar methodologies. Most experiments as described in â€Å"evidences for†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Violent video games do not have negative effects on all kinds of people. Markey P.M. and Markey C.N. (2010) suggested that violent video games only cause violent behaviors on people who had a previous temperament, such as high neuroticism, low agreement, or low creditableness. Besides, violent computer games may lead to aggression for some people, but in most cases, computer games do not cause violence in real-life. They also indicated that violent computer games do not incite violence, unless a person has certain personality traits. The Attorney General’s Office of Australia (2010) reported that the meta-analysis of Anderson, et al (2010) was a significant scientific debate, but violent video game causes aggression had not been proven or disproven. The Attorney General also indicated some confounders such as: 1. Social and political controversy about the topic. 2. Lack of agreement about definitions and measures of aggression, violence and violent video games. 3. Lack of measures of aggression and unclear of violent behavior. 4. Studies and researches may not be long enough and experimental objects may not be enough to get clear conclusions. Heart Rate experiment from Carnagey, Bushman and Anderson (2006) was also criticized because it was used to measure the level of aggression. Adachi and Willoughby (2011) conducted a study to examine

Incarceration Of The United States - 1745 Words

There are over two million people in the United States behind bars. Incarceration in the US is one of the main forms of punishment that leads nothing after for people when getting out. Every state, city, country, all have laws we citizens obey and go by to do best for our country, but what happens someone violates the law? According to Google’s definition of a felony, it says that felony means, â€Å"a crime, typically one involving violence, regarded as more serious than a misdemeanor, and usually punishable by imprisonment for more than one year or by death†. Getting caught by the law, being arrested, doing time in jail makes you automatically a felon once your name is in the system. What’s promised after being in jail is something no one should experience. With this in mind, people’s human rights are being taken away from the minute their hands and arms are behind in cuffs. For this reason, what our human rights mean is, â€Å"The basic rights and free doms to which all humans are considered to be entitled, often held to include the rights to life, liberty, equality, and a fair trial,freedom from slavery and torture, and freedom of thought and expression† ( Houghton Mifflin). In effect, the 318 million of people in the US all have rights that were all born with to allow us to do, to be, or to have anything. Our rights protect not only us but the people who are surrounded by us. For example, our rights protect us from any harm, danger, and trouble coming from anyone. As anyoneShow MoreRelatedThe Incarceration Of The United States1519 Words   |  7 Pagesin recent decades, violent crimes in the United States of America have been on a steady decline, however, the number of people in the United States under some form of correctional control is reaching towering heights and reaching record proportions. In the last thirty years, the incarceration rates in the United States has skyrocketed; the numbers roughly quadrupled from around five hundred thousand to more than 2 million people. (NAACP)In a speech on criminal justice at Columbia University, HillaryRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The United States980 Words   |  4 PagesHave you ever questioned about th e justice in the United States? Stevenson states that, â€Å"Today we have the highest rate of incarceration in the world. The prison population has increased from 300,000 people in the early 1970s to 2.3 million people today† (15). United States is a modern country that doesn’t serve justice to her citizen? 2.3 million prisoners are just embarrassing the whole country. You might want to know how bad the justice system is and how the heck cause 2.3 million prisoners toRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States Essay2335 Words   |  10 PagesEven though the United States makes up just 5% of the world’s population, it houses 25% of the world’s prison population† (Walmsley, 2009). The United States prides itself in being a worldwide leader in just about every category; however, being the world leader in incarceration rights might not be something the United States would be proud about. Incarceration rates in the United States have grown at alarming rates in the past forty years specifically and it has resulted in major overcrowding issuesRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The United States979 Words   |  4 PagesHave you ever question about the justice in the United States? Stevenson states that, â€Å"Today we have the highest rate of incarceration in the world. The prison population has increased from 300,000 people in the early 1970s to 2.3 million people today† (15). Is United States is a modern country that doesn’t serve justice to her citizen? 2.3 million of prisoners are just embarrassing the whole country. You might want to know how bad the justice system is and how the heck cause 2.3 million prisonersRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States1113 Words   |  5 Pages The United States of America has more people incarcerated than any other country on earth, a whopping 2,220,300 adults are currently locked behind bars. We have 500,000 more citizens locked up than China, a country 5 times our population run by an authoritarian government. From 1990 - 2000 the prison population increased by 1,000,000. The main reason for incarceration as a punishment in this country is rehabilitation, or so we have been told. In recent years an industry has developed that revolvesRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The United States1044 Words   |  5 PagesOverview The United States has the highest prison population in the world, with over two million incarcerated (World Prison Brief, 2016), of whom many are juveniles. It is well documented that youths who enter this system are more likely to suffer a host of negative health and lifestyle outcomes, such as alcohol/drug abuse, high school dropout, and mental health problems. Such phenomena occur in stark contrast with the aims of the US juvenile justice system, which supposedly intends to help offendingRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States1957 Words   |  8 Pages Incarceration has been a pending issue amongst western civilization’s history for some time and today continues to raise a wide range of important questions. Incarceration of individuals have become a tremendous tax payer concern along with the incarceration of the drug war, convictions of street gangs, and the rest of the individuals who have broken the law and harmed other innocent individuals. However, the question is always a concern of men incarceration and hardly addressed of women beingRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States3014 Words   |  13 PagesThe United States of America is phrased by many, as being â€Å"the land of the free.† Yet, the Unites States currently has the highest per capita prison population than any other country. The United States makes up only 5% of the world’s population and of that 5%, 25% of our overall nation’s population is currently incarcerated. A few factors that attribute to our high rates of incarceration incl ude, sentencing laws: such as mandatory- minimum sentencing, lack of initial deterrence from crime, the warRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The United States2529 Words   |  11 PagesSince 2002, The United States has had the highest incarceration rate in the world, and many of those imprisoned within the U.S. will be released and rearrested within three years (Langan Levin, 2002). Unfortunately, research has been mixed shown that the time spent in prison does not successfully rehabilitate most inmates, and the majority of criminals return to a life of crime almost immediately. Most experts believe that many prisoners will learn more and better ways to commit crimes while theyRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States1774 Words   |  8 PagesCurrently the United States holds the leading position for having the largest prison population in the world. Considering this, the cost of re-incarcerating offenders after their release remains notably high to U.S Americans and our society. R ecidivism is known as the reimprisonment of an individual that is released from prison but then later returns for being convicted of a new crime. However, there is essential data that proves the drastic reduction in recidivism through academic and vocational

Comparing Christianity and Buddhism free essay sample

Compare and contrast Buddhism and Christianity What a similarities does Christianity and Buddhism share? Any Christian or a Buddhist will be able to tell the differences instantly but not the similarities between these two religions.Two of the most followed religions in the world today, Buddhism and Christianity both had an inspiring leader at different parts of the world at different time sharing similar teachings such as treating others and way of life, yet extremely different with Christianity and Buddhism having different belief systems such as afterlives, sacred texts and Christians believing in a supreme-God whereas Buddhists do not believe in a God being. Among few similarities that Buddhism and Christianity share, there is one major aspect from each religion that they share in common, which are the teachings taught by their leaders, Jesus and Buddha.For instance, out of the â€Å"Four noble Truths† from Buddhism, the second noble truth teaches that all suffering has a cause. Buddha had a strong belief that all humans were to suffer but there will be good outcomes. This is similar to Jesus’s teaching because humans are constantly suffering by temptations of Satan but in the end, God is just giving people trials in life to become tougher. Also Christians believe that God always had an amazing plan in life for each person. These are the similar teachings that the two religions share. Christianity and Buddhism both share different beliefs about their afterlives.Buddha accepted the Hindu reincarnation and karma. Also Buddha taught his people that the goal of the religious life is to escape the cycle of death and rebirth. Buddha believed that what keeps people bound to life is their desire for something left in the world such as . If one success to letting everything go without any regrets, then he reaches Nirvana, no longer have to come back to earth in another reincarnation. On contrary, Christianity believes that once someone dies, the person either enters Heaven or Hell. This judgement depends on whether or not the person has received Christ as the payment for their sins.Some churches teach that hellfire is for eternity and heaven is only for those who behaved well. Different teachings about afterlife is taught in Christianity and Buddhism. Another major difference in Christianity and Buddhism is that Christians believe in an almighty God, whereas God does not exist in Buddhism. Christians follow the Holy Bible which they believe it is written through the spirit of their supreme God. It is recorded in the Bible that God created the earth and mankind as well as being the sustainer of earth today.Christians believe that the Trinity which defines God as three persons. The Father (God), the Son (Jesus Christ) and the Holy Spirit. The Father is the one who watches over humans, sustaining today’s earth, the Son (Jesus Christ) is humans’ savior who saved everyone from their sins and the Holy Spirit lives inside every person who accepted Christ as their savior. On the other hand, Buddhists do not believe the form of God. Buddha, just like modern sociologists and psychologists, believed that religious ideas such as Creator-God idea came from fear. Also Buddha did not hear any voices from God nor had any evidence to prove God’s existence. Buddha did not wish to teach anything he did not hold evidence of. Buddhists do not believe in a God-being whereas Christians believe in a supreme God. The Holy Book of Christianity is known as the Bible that all Christians study. However, Buddhism do not hold a Holy Book nor a sacred text. To be specific, the Bible is known as ‘words of God through people’ recorded first by Moses from when universe was first created by their God until the prophet that Jesus will come to earth again and a new earth will appear.Jesus’ teachings are recorded in this book as well as his journey and his salvation. On the other hand, Buddhism do not hold a Holy Book since they do not believe in a God. However, Buddhism has sutras which are recorded teachings of Buddha collected into canons known as the Tripitaka or the three baskets. These texts are not considered sacred but for centuries, these were passed down to believers. Another difference between Buddhism and Christianity is the origin and the spread throughout the world. Christianity developed out of Judaism in the 1st century C.E in Israel. Christianity has main branches which are Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy and Protestantism. Jesus was born and raised in Israel and traveled within Israel teachings his Father’s words. After Jesus’ rise to heaven, his disciples and Paul traveled to different places such as East-Asia and Europe to preach the words. On the other hands, Buddhism spread mainly in Asia. Buddhism began in India, 480-400 B. C. E when Buddha had a deep spiritual awakening at 35 years old. After Buddha’s death, his teachings spread towards the east starting with China. Buddha had set up an organization with rules and his teachings to pass on, which the monks had spread to other countries. Two religions, Christianity and Buddhism both share similarities, yet extremely different from each other, where both of them had an inspiring leader at different parts of the world, with different belief system of afterlives, sacred texts and existence of God, but these two religions still exist today as the most followed religions for centuries. Ancient civilizations have contributed to the beginnings of these religions as well as sustaining it for centuries.

Mentel Health Essays - Human Behavior, Social Psychology

Mentel Health 1. Healthy Relationships- Being in an abusive relationship can be very hard on a person. Being in a healthy relationship can be rewarding and fun. In a healthy relationship you must have many things, trust is one, don't be jealous and share your feelings. It involves fair fighting, no hitting, pushing or grabbing, arguments should focus on hear and now. Things of an abusive relationship are, like physically abused, being slammed in to things, or being forced to stay, when you want to leave, and wrecking or destroying personal property. Emotional abuse is also used in unhealthy relationships. Telling you no one else will want you don't care for your feelings. If you want your relationship to be healthy always include ?I? messages. Effective communication and always confront him or her when something is wrong. 2. Personal Inventories- Something's I learned about personal inventories is people may be assertive, passive or aggressive. Being Assertive means trying to seek a compromise with the person your talking to. Being passive is well you really don't care, and you'll give in easily to other people and you listen well but don't say anything back to the person. Being aggressive means you always want it your way, always not listening to others and when other people are talking they usually interrupt them and forcefully put in their own words. 3. Suicide- Suicide is the act of intention all taking one's life. Things that cause suicide might be the rising Divorce rate, increased use of alcohol, pressure to succeed in school and troubled families. Some possible warning signs of suicide are depression, giving away prized possessions, writing a will, and prior attempts. You can help one person by trying to talk to them, and ask what are wrong, and making jokes. 4. Coping with loss- Coping with loss can be very hard on a person. They might blame themselves or say a cure will be developed.

English Writing Courses Online Free but with Pitfalls

English Writing Courses Online Free but with Pitfalls English Writing Courses Online: Free but with Pitfalls If Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u are intÐ µrÐ µÃ'•ted Ã'â€"n the wrÃ'â€"ting career, Ã'â€"t Ã' Ã °n bÐ µ useful to check out a Ã'•Ð µlÐ µÃ' tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n Ð ¾f Ð ¾nlÃ'â€"nÐ µ wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng Ã' Ã ¾urÃ'•Ð µÃ'• with thÐ µ Ð °Ã'â€"m of Ã' hÐ ¾Ã ¾Ã'•Ã'â€"ng a program that allows Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u tÐ ¾ bÐ ¾Ã ¾Ã'•t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur Ã'•kÃ'â€"llÃ'• Ð °nd knÐ ¾wlÐ µdgÐ µ. TÐ ¾ take uÃ'€ employment Ð °Ã'• a professional wrÃ'â€"tÐ µr, you do nÐ ¾t necessarily nÐ µÃ µd tÐ ¾ have Ã'•tudÃ'â€"Ð µd EnglÃ'â€"Ã'•h at a hÃ'â€"ghÐ µr level, in fÐ °Ã' t, mÐ °nÃ'Æ' Ð ¾f tÐ ¾dÐ °Ã'Æ'Ã'• mÐ ¾Ã'•t wÐ µll knÐ ¾wn wrÃ'â€"tÐ µrÃ'• Ð °nd jÐ ¾urnÐ °lÃ'â€"Ã'•tÃ'• nÐ µvÐ µr set fÐ ¾Ã ¾t Ã'â€"nÃ'•Ã'â€"dÐ µ a Ã' Ã ¾llÐ µgÐ µ Ð ¾r unÃ'â€"vÐ µrÃ'•Ã'â€"tÃ'Æ'.   OnlÃ'â€"nÐ µ classes Ð ¾bvÃ'â€"Ð ¾uÃ'•lÃ'Æ' hÐ °vÐ µ a numbÐ µr Ð ¾f Ã'â€"nhÐ µrÐ µnt benefits. FÐ ¾r Ã'â€"nÃ'•tÐ °nÃ' Ã µ, you will bÐ µ able tÐ ¾ study at a tÃ'â€"mÐ µ of Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur choosing, as Ã'â€"t Ã'â€"Ã'• often more productive tÐ ¾ lÐ µÃ °rn and Ã'•tudÃ'Æ' from the comfort Ð ¾f your Ð ¾wn hÐ ¾mÐ µ, and uÃ'•uÐ °llÃ'Æ' a Ã'€rÐ ¾grÐ °m Ã' Ã ¾nduÃ' tÐ µd over thÐ µ nÐ µt wÐ ¾uld Ã'â€"nÃ' ur lÐ µÃ'•Ã'• Ð ¾f Ð °n expense than thÐ ¾Ã'•Ð µ run at brÃ'â€"Ã' kÃ'• and mÐ ¾rtÐ °r Ã'â€"nÃ'•tÃ'â€"tutÃ'â€"Ð ¾nÃ'•.   There are not many, if any, worthy English writing courses online free. InÃ'•tÐ µÃ °d Ð ¾f using a search engine tÐ ¾ rÐ °ndÐ ¾mlÃ'Æ' lÐ ¾Ã' Ã °tÐ µ Ð °n Ð °Ã'•Ã'•Ð ¾rtmÐ µnt of courses, Ã'•Ð µÃ °rÃ' h specialist wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng wÐ µbÃ'•Ã'â€"tÐ µÃ'• and fÐ ¾rumÃ'• for Ã'â€"nfÐ ¾rmÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n Ð ¾n quÐ °lÃ'â€"tÃ'Æ' programs. OnÃ' Ã µ Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u have mÐ °dÐ µ a note of a dÐ ¾zÐ µn or Ã'•Ð ¾ Ã'€Ð ¾Ã'•Ã'•Ã'â€"blÐ µ Ð ¾Ã'€tÃ'â€"Ð ¾nÃ'•, Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u should thÐ µn carefully gÐ ¾ Ð ¾vÐ µr thÐ µ Ã' Ã ¾urÃ'•Ð µ description Ð °nd Ã'•Ã'Æ'llÐ °buÃ'• Ð ¾f Ð µÃ °Ã' h Ã'•Ð ¾ that Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u can identify whÃ'â€"Ã' h Ã'€rÐ ¾grÐ °mÃ'• Ð °rÐ µ to Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur lÃ'â€"kÃ'â€"ng. If thÐ µ Ã'€rÐ ¾grÐ °m dÐ ¾Ã µÃ'• nÐ ¾t Ã' Ã ¾vÐ µr thÐ µ tÐ ¾Ã'€Ã'â€"Ã' Ã'• thÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u wÐ °nt, do nÐ ¾t waste your tÃ'â€"mÐ µ by signing uÃ'€, there will bÐ µ Ã'€lÐ µntÃ'Æ' Ð ¾f others thÐ °t mÐ °Ã'Æ' be mÐ ¾rÐ µ Ã'•uÃ'â€"tÐ °blÐ µ.   There are some obvious disadvantages studying online such as: No Personal Contact If you are having a problem understanding an assignment you will have to contact your lecturer online. Teacher – Student interaction can be important. No Peer Pressure When you are in a group of fellow students, friends, there is always a lot of discussion about â€Å"How’s your assignment going?† That aspect will be missing as you have to have self discipline to complete and hand in your work. Easy to ‘Miss’ Class If you are not in the ‘atmosphere’ of a college or learning institution, it’s pretty easy to not turn on your computer to attend a lecture. Home or work distractions can be used as an excuse to skip classes. Less Group Discussions and Bouncing Ideas Online study is a lonely gig. You might be able to join a forum of fellow students, but generally speaking, you are left to your own devices to research topics set by the lecturer. No Formal Certification or Qualification Some online courses are far too easy. Not all of them set exams. It’s more a project, an essay, an assignment that is required. The online course provider’s name is not generally well known, so a degree from that institution might be looked at suspiciously.

The Negative Legacy of Belgium Colonialism in Africa

The Negative Legacy of Belgium Colonialism in Africa Belgium is a small country in northwest Europe that joined Europes race for colonies in the late 19th century. Many European countries wanted to colonize distant parts of the world in order to exploit the resources and civilize the inhabitants of these less-developed countries. Belgium gained independence in 1830. Then, King Leopold II came to power in 1865 and believed that colonies would greatly enhance Belgiums wealth and prestige. Leopolds cruel, greedy activities in the current Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Burundi continue to affect the welfare of these countries today. Exploration of and Claims to the Congo River Basin European adventurers experienced great difficulty in exploring and colonizing the Congo River Basin, due to the regions tropical climate, disease, and the resistance of the natives. In the 1870s, Leopold II created an organization called the International African Association. This sham was supposedly a scientific and philanthropic organization which would greatly improve the lives of native Africans by converting them to Christianity, ending the slave trade, and introducing European health and educational systems. King Leopold sent the explorer Henry Morton Stanley to the region. Stanley successfully made treaties with native tribes, set up military posts, and forced most Muslim slave traders out of the region. He acquired millions of square kilometers of central African land for Belgium. However, most of Belgiums government leaders and citizens did not want to spend the exorbitant amount of money that would be needed to maintain distant colonies. At the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885, other European countries did not want the Congo River region. King Leopold II insisted that he would maintain this region as a free-trade zone, and he was given personal control of the region, which was nearly eighty times larger than Belgium. He named the region the Congo Free State. The Congo Free State, 1885-1908 Leopold promised that he would develop his private property to improve the lives of the native Africans. He quickly disregarded all of his Berlin Conference guidelines and began to economically exploit the regions land and inhabitants. Due to industrialization, objects such as tires were now required in mass in Europe; thus, the African natives were forced to produce ivory and rubber. Leopolds army mutilated or killed any African who didnt produce enough of these coveted, profitable resources. The Europeans burned African villages, farmland, and rainforest, and kept women as hostages until rubber and mineral quotas were met. Due to this brutality and European diseases, the native population dwindled by approximately ten million people. Leopold II took the enormous profits and built lavish buildings in Belgium. Belgian Congo, 1908-1960 Leopold II tried mightily to conceal this abuse from the international public. However, many countries and individuals had learned of these atrocities by the early 20th century. Joseph Conrad set his popular novel Heart of Darkness in the Congo Free State and described European abuses. The Belgian government forced Leopold to surrender his personal country in 1908. The Belgian government renamed the region the Belgian Congo. The Belgian government and Catholic missions tried to aid the inhabitants by improving health and education and building an infrastructure, but the Belgians still exploited the regions gold, copper, and diamonds. Independence for the Democratic Republic of the Congo By the 1950s, many African countries embraced anti-colonialism, nationalism, equality, and opportunity under the Pan-Africanism movement. The Congolese, who by then had some rights such as owning property and voting in elections, began to demand independence. Belgium wanted to grant independence over a thirty-year span, but under pressure from the United Nations, and in order to avoid a long, deadly war, Belgium decided to grant independence to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) on June 30, 1960. Since then, DRC has experienced corruption, inflation, and several regime changes. The mineral-rich province of Katanga was voluntarily separated from DRC from 1960-1963. DRC was known as Zaire from 1971-1997. Two civil wars in DRC have turned into the worlds deadliest conflict since World War II. Millions have died from war, famine, or disease. Millions are now refugees. Today, the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the third largest country by area in Africa and has approximately 70 million citizens. Its capital is Kinshasa, formerly named Leopoldville. Ruanda-Urundi The current countries of Rwanda and Burundi were once colonized by the Germans, who named the region Ruanda-Urundi. After Germanys defeat in World War I, however, Ruanda-Urundi was made a protectorate of Belgium. Belgium also exploited the land and people of Ruanda-Urundi, the Belgian Congos neighbor to the east. Inhabitants were forced to pay taxes and grow cash crops such as coffee. They were given very little education. However, by the 1960s, Ruanda-Urundi also began to demand independence, and Belgium ended its colonial empire when Rwanda and Burundi were granted independence in 1962. Legacy of Colonialism in Rwanda-Burundi The most important legacy of colonialism in Rwanda and Burundi involved the Belgians obsession with racial, ethnic classification. The Belgians believed that the Tutsi ethnic group in Rwanda was racially superior to the Hutu ethnic group because the Tutsis had more European features. After many years of segregation, the tension erupted into the 1994 Rwandan genocide, in which 850,000 people died. Past and Future of Belgian Colonialism The economies, political systems, and social welfare in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Burundi have been enormously affected by the greedy ambitions of King Leopold II of Belgium. All three countries have experienced exploitation, violence, and poverty, but their rich sources of minerals may one day bring permanent peaceful prosperity to the interior of Africa.

ICI Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

ICI - Essay Example This approach was considered a leader in IT delivery projects. They were broken down into different components and distributed to onsite, near shore and offshore sites, to deliver them at maximum value and the most cost efficient way. This cut their costs by 30%, because their time to market using the world wide teams made working 24 hours a day a reality. Infosys had a different approach to implementing their technology. Instead of analyzing the firm’s processes and redesigning them, ICI looked at the process requirements, not the functional requirements. They found that inefficiencies could be found better through horizontal processes rather than vertical functions, like sales and marketing. They also looked at process metrics. The idea was that everything ICI did needed to impact their client’s performance and thus increase shareholder values. ICI used the GDM to employ an onsite team that worked with the client to see how the company operated and was organized. Most companies had five to ten level processes used to develop a product from an idea into a reality. ICI was able to identify these, and organized their team accordingly. The onsite team used process experts and SAP experts. At night, the offshore teams turned the templates into a configuration. Then, the next day, the onsite team would test the configuration with the client and create a second iteration. That night, the offshore team would develop it. Typically there were four or five iterations for each process object. Under typical circumstances, each one would take a week. In the case of 200 process objects, the configuration for all of them would take approximately six months using ICI’s methods, whereas traditional methods could take up to a year. This also resulted in higher client satisfaction, because it could be tested during the design and config uration processes. ICI also created a 1-1-3 model for cost reduction. What this does is allows business consulting resources at the market rate, an onsite IT implementation resource at a lower than average rate, and three offshore developers at lower than market rates. What this did was allowed ICI to conduct major engagements for about $100 per hour, versus market rates having an average combined rate of $300 to $400. ICI followed Infosys in its philosophy of measure everything. InfoSys created a high awareness of quality of work using its Capability Maturity Model (CMM). This model judged the maturity of software processes currently in use and identified what was required to increase the maturity of them. ICI’s ideas from a broad service stance were assisting clients in dealing with their technology related issues in customer, product and corporate operations. ICI found that the best way to deliver value was to make marked improvements in the process metrics in the clients operation through its engagement with ICI. So, every transformation and consulting engagement resulted in a concerted effort on the part of ICI to deliver as much improvement in process metrics in the hope of creating a positive shareholder value. ICI would analyze their current operations, assess process metrics of each process and design changes in the structure that enabled the technology to deliver marked improvement in the process metrics. In the quote-to-cash process, they measured the time between the quote submission and time of payment. Their capacity fro processing those orders in a certain timeframe. What percentage of orders had zero

Effect on interest rates due to the investment in REITs Essay

Effect on interest rates due to the investment in REITs - Essay Example In the year 2007, the real estate industry in UK is about to give the chance to investors to invest in real estate investment trusts. These are public listed vehicles that can satisfy the record demand experienced for investment in real estate. This can increase the capital acquiring capacity of the real estate firms and it can decrease its dependence on the bank credit. This in turn may decrease the interest rates or at least remain at what they at the end of last quarter of 2006. These investments not only impact the interest rates but also, these provide the required liquidity to an asset class that is considered as inflexible. The historically inflexible asset turning into a flexible asset and the provision of the liquidity for it can decrease the demand for the bank loans. One of the factors that impact the interest rates is the liquidity of the assets. The increased liquidity of the assets of a company or the people can decrease the demand for the bank credit up to some extent. This will certainly show a negative effect on interest rates and is capable of decreasing them or can stop them from increasing. Generally the international transactions involve the risk regarding exchange rate. The interest rates also effect the forwards yet times.A contract is signed and for completion within 3 months. Generally any one thinks about the exchange rate of GBP with the currency of that country. If the interest rates are considered and if the UK rates are higher, there will be a higher cost for the forward contract. In this case one can sign forward contract with a firm in the country that is having higher interest than in UK. This will reduce the burden on the buyer if there is any delay in execution of contract. Effect of the investments These investments will result in limited partnerships that have institutions as investors. There is a chance of emergence of onshore and offshore property unit trusts that contain institutional high net worth investors. The increase of

Best friends Essay Example for Free

Best friends Essay Sometimes I wonder how my life would be without my best friend Tonya, after thirteen years of putting up with each other we are still as inseparable as ever. We know everything about one another, share everything, and spend hours talking to each other developing a relationship that cannot compare any other friendship. Many times when we are together we are mistaken for sisters and its easy to understand why; we both stand little over five foot tall, have blonde hair, blue eyes, and wear the same size clothing. It always seems that my closet has more of her clothes in it than mine and vice-versa. Our mothers can never stop comparing notes as to how many clothes they have bought us that theyve never seen on their actual child wear. When we are together people swears that we speak a different language and between finishing each others sentences, the jumps in topics, and the giggles its amazing that we even understand each other. After spending all day together we always end up talking on the phone for hours and many times repeating the same conversations without ever realizing it. For some people its hard to imagine being friends with someone for so long, but if I were to choose one person outside of my family that I could not do without. I would pick my best friend Tonya. Weve helped each other through the good times and bad and held each other when some guy has broken our hearts and even yelled at each others parents. She is as much a part of my family as anyone else, no matter what anyone says. We are best friends and so much more, everyday I am thankful that we found each other so many years ago because neither of our lives have ever been the same.

Growing-Up Explored in Banana Yoshimoto’s Kitchen Essay -- Yoshimoto K

Growing-Up Explored in Banana Yoshimoto’s Kitchen The first time I read Kitchen, I knew I was experiencing something very special. Not since my initial reading of Catcher in the Rye have I witnessed such a perceptive look at the joys and pains of growing up. These coming-of-age novels capture our attention with plots that, while twisting and turning in creative, off-beat ways, remain believable. The writers of these novels tell us their stories with a subtle style more exciting than that of textbooks and assigned reading, a style not unlike a good one-sided conversation. Finally, within this great style of writing, the authors infuse honest insights, often humorous and sometimes poignant, which do not carry a lecturing or authoritative tone. Banana Yoshimoto, as translated by Megan Backus, incorporates these three elements of a successful coming-of-age novel into Kitchen skillfully. The result is magnificent. To keep a young person interested, an author must weave an interesting story. Kitchen is fascinating because the premise of the story is original: A Japanese twenty-something's grandmother dies and is taken in by an employee of her grandmother's favorite flower shop and his transvestite mother. Along the course of the story, the heroine discovers a passion for cooking, the young man dreams a dream with the heroine, and a crazy admirer kills the transvestite mother. In the end, the heroine and the young man realize their love for each other, without even having shared a passionate kiss. Such a plot is interesting to the average teenager who craves the out-of-the-ordinary; she wants escape. Kitchen certainly provides something different, but it does so in a familiar way. When the heroine Mikage finds out that Yuichi's m... ...xperiencing life. When I read Kitchen, I sympathized with Mikage's loss of her grandmother. Until now, I still do not truly know how such a loss feels. So, in some ways, to read a coming-of-age novel is an identification with what you have experienced and a preparation for that which has yet to come. Some may argue that Kitchen is interesting simply because it is written by a foreigner. Without speaking Japanese and reading the original material, we may not know how close the translation is. I argue that it doesn't matter. No matter from where you have come or how far in life you have gotten, after spending a little time in the Kitchen, you will have learned without feeling you have been taught. In the world of those who are still growing up, that is the best way to learn. Work Cited Yoshimoto, Banana. Kitchen. Trans. Megan Backus. NY: Washington Square, 1988.

Dekada 70 Starting Summary

In the 70's, the Republic of the Philippines was suffering under the midst of then- President Ferdinand Marcos' reign as ruler. It was in September 21st, 1972, that he chained close whatever inkling of democracy the Filipinos had by declaring Martial Law. Unfortunately, it was a rule of a a twisted sort: the nation would be under the rule of the Armed Forces, but contrary to its definition, Marcos' Martial Law kept himself in power. Dekada '70 (Translated into English, the 70's decade) is a bittersweet tale of love in the face of hate, hope in the face oppression, and new life in the midst of death. It is a novel of a mother, her examination of her oft-unappreciated role in modern society, and how she struggles to find for herself a sense of purpose and identity while suffering through the very pit of the nation's disintegration. It is a novel of a mother and her family, how society around her affects her family. It is a tale of she becomes torn between the letter of the law or her responsibility as a mother. Dekada '70 tells of how under hate, greed and corruption, one normal person transcends beyond right and wrong: instead learns that it is freedom that entails survival. Set in the 70's, urban Metro Manila, Amanda Bartolome is a middle-class mother of five young men. Amanda acts as a supposed symbolism of detachment. First of all, she was a mother, a housewife; such were not considered integral parts of society during those times. She was not the breadwinner; she did not experience the foremost effects of the decline of the Philippines economy back then. She was a member of the middle class; her family did not take money, like the rich, nor did her family suffer the worst of the financial crises, like the poor. The lives of Amanda's children each went in different directions in the story, and each varied. Her eldest son was Jules. Jules grew up normally, similar to every other ideal family. His upbringing was that of what ideally conformed to normal.

The Small Company with a Big-Time Motivation Program

Question 1 – How strong was the overall employee motivation program at Badger Mining? On a scale of 1-10, with 10 being the best, Badger Mining gets a 10! The company focuses on employees needs, is flexible with scheduling lets employees take off for family matters, matches 401k, generous profit sharing program, and a good health care package. This touches upon every aspect of a good employee motivation program. Question 2 – What evidence of participate management can you detect in this case? One key example was the example of the expansion to the Taylor plant. The company V. P. Dan Valiquette made sure to consult with the employees who would be affected by the expansion. He wanted the guys having to run the equipment involved in the redesign of the process, thus promoting employee buy-in, and the employees felt valued. He also included contractors and vendors involved with the change, which made everyone involved with project feel part of the process and take ownership. Question 3 – How well do you think open-book management would work at Badger Mining? I think it would very well at Badger Mining. The level of trust between upper management and their workforce is extremely high; they have a very cohesive group that is committed to excel. They already have several of the key blocks in place to be successful using OBM; trust and empower employees and profit sharing. Question 4 – Keys to successful employee participation programs. The examples of successful employee participation programs in this case are 1) Profit sharing, 2) long term security of employees working for Badger Mining and the company’s history, 3) the training programs and culture within the company, and 4) the protection of the individuals who work for the company by letting them have flexible schedules and take time off for family. These examples make Badger Mining perfect for participative management. The employees want to participate because they feel valued and that they have ownership in the company, in short they feel like they matter. Question 5 – Would you like to work for a small company like Badger Mining? Yes I would love to. Working for public education has its rewards, but they’re not financial, but I do feel very lucky to love what I do. However, it would be good to work for a company that I could work hard and e rewarded for the effort.

How to Use a Bug Bomb Safely

How to Use a Bug Bomb Safely Bug bombs, or total release foggers, fill a confined space with pesticides using an aerosol propellant. People tend to think of these products as quick and easy fixes for home insect infestations. In truth, few pests can be wiped out using bug bombs. The devices arent particularly useful for controlling infestations of  cockroaches, ants, or  bed bugs, and for this reason, its important  to know when its appropriate to use them. Used incorrectly, bug bombs can be downright dangerous.  Each year, people ignite fires and explosions by misusing insect foggers. Bug bomb products can also cause respiratory and gastrointestinal ailments, which in the young or elderly can be fatal. If you are planning to use a bug bomb in your home, make sure to do so safely and correctly. Why Bug Bombs Alone Are Not Effective Bug bombs- sometimes called roach bombs- can be a useful part of an integrated pest management program. Alone, however, they are not especially effective. The reason is simple: The pesticide in a bug bomb (which is not always particularly effective against roaches, fleas, bedbugs, or silverfish) kills only those bugs with which it comes in direct contact. Most household pests are well known for their ability to hide under baseboards, inside cupboards and mattresses, in drains, and along baseboards. Set off a fogger  and youll kill off only those bugs that happen to be out in the open at any given moment. Any pests that are inside or under a protective covering will survive to bite another day. Meanwhile, your counters and other surfaces will have been coated with pesticide, meaning youll have to scrub them down before cooking or sleeping on them. If you are serious about eradicating an infestation, youll need to do much more than simply set off a bug bomb. Because it does take work and know-how to safely and effectively rid yourself of pests, you may want to hire a pest control company. Experts may use bug bombs as part of their arsenal, but they will also: Set bait trapsSpray directly into areas that are protected and likely to harbor pestsUse chemicals that are specifically intended to eradicate particular pests; pyrethrin, the main pesticide in foggers, is most effective against flying insects- but not cockroaches or fleas.Return to reapply pesticides as needed How to Use Bug Bombs Safely Bug bombs are somewhat risky as they contain flammable materials including potentially harmful pesticides. To use them safely, follow all of these instructions. Read and Follow All Directions and Precautions When it comes to pesticides, the label is the law. Just as the pesticide manufacturers are required to include certain information on their product labels, you are required to read it and follow all directions correctly. Understand the risks of the pesticides you are using by reading carefully all label sections beginning with danger, poison, warning, or caution. Follow instructions for use, and calculate how much pesticide you need based on the package directions. Most foggers are intended to treat a specific number of square feet; using a large bug bomb in a small space can increase health risks. In addition, most foggers have information about how long to wait before returning to the sprayed area (typically two to four hours). Use Only the Number of Bug Bombs Specified Contrary to popular belief, more is not always better. Manufacturers test their bug bomb products to determine the safest and most effective number to use per square foot of living space. If you use more than the specified number of bug bombs, you only increase the health and safety risks that come with using them. You wont kill any more bugs. Cover All Food and Childrens Toys Prior to Using the Bug Bomb Once the bug bomb is activated, the contents of your home will be covered with a chemical residue. Do not eat any food items that were not covered. Young children tend to put toys in their mouths, so its best to seal toys inside garbage bags or put them in toy boxes or drawers where they wont be exposed to pesticides. You may also want to cover sofas, chairs, and other upholstered furniture that cant be wiped down. Tell Your Neighbors About Your Bug Bomb Plans Condos and apartment buildings usually share common ventilation systems or have cracks and crevices between units. If you live in close quarters, make sure to let your neighbors know when you are using any airborne pesticide product, and ask them to turn off any ignition sources (stove and dryer pilots, for example) in their units. Your neighbors may prefer to cover their adjacent ductwork, too. Unplug Anything That Can Spark The aerosol propellants used in bug bomb products are highly flammable. A gas flame or ill-timed spark from an appliance can easily ignite the propellant. Always turn off all pilot lights, and take the extra precaution of unplugging refrigerators and air conditioners. To be extra safe, place the bug bombs a minimum of six feet from any potential source of a spark. Once You Activate the Bug Bomb, Vacate the Premises Immediately Silly (and obvious) as this may sound, a good number of reported incidents have occurred because individuals were unable to vacate prior to discharge of a bug bomb. In fact, a CDC study on bug bomb safety showed a full 35 percent  of reported health issues occurred because users failed to leave the area after activating the fogger. Before you activate the product, plan your escape. Keep All People and Pets out of the Area for as Long as the Label Indicates For most bug bomb products, you need to vacate the premises for several hours after activating the product. Do not, under any circumstances, return to the property early. You risk serious health issues, including respiratory and gastrointestinal ailments, if you occupy the home prematurely. Dont reenter your home until it is safe to do so according to the product label. Ventilate the Area Well Before Reentering Again, follow the label directions. After the prescribed amount of time to allow the product to work has passed, open as many windows as you can. Leave them open for a minimum of one hour before you allow anyone to reenter the home. Once You Return, Keep Pesticides out of Pets and Peoples Mouths After returning to your home, wipe down any surfaces where food is prepared, or that pets or people may touch with their mouths. Clean all counters and other surfaces where you prepare food thoroughly. If you left pet dishes out and uncovered, wash them. If  you have infants or toddlers who spend lots of time on the floor, be sure to mop. If you left your toothbrushes out, replace them with new ones. Store Unused Bug Bomb Products Safely Children are particularly susceptible to the effects of airborne chemicals, and you shouldnt risk an accidental discharge of pesticides by a curious child. Like all hazardous chemicals, bug bombs should be stored in a childproof cabinet or other secure location. If You Are Exposed to a Bug Bomb While most people understand that they should leave the house after setting off a bug bomb, there are quite a few reasons why someone might be exposed to pesticide-containing fog. According to the CDC, the most common reasons are related to: Bug bombs being set off without warning in apartment buildings with shared ventilation systemsSomeone reentering a building because a bug bomb set off an alarmHomeowners returning too soon after setting off a bug bombInfants and pets being exposed to residual pesticides on blankets, carpets, or other surfaces If youre exposed to pesticide from a bug bomb, you may experience nausea, shortness of breath, dizziness, leg cramps, burning eyes, coughing, or wheezing. These symptoms may be mild or severe; they are, of course, most dangerous among very young children and people who are allergic to the pesticide. If you do experience symptoms, visit the emergency room to avoid complications.

The Caribbean Islands of Greater and Lesser Antilles

The Caribbean Islands of Greater and Lesser Antilles The Caribbean Sea is filled with tropical islands. They are popular tourist destinations and many people refer to the  Antilles  when speaking of certain islands in the archipelago. But what are the Antilles and what is the difference between the Greater Antilles and the Lesser Antilles? The Antilles Are Part of the West Indies You probably know them as the Caribbean Islands. The small islands that scatter the waters between Central America and the Atlantic Ocean are also known as the West Indies. Trivia Time: The West Indies received its name  because Christopher Columbus thought he had reached the Pacific islands near Asia (known as the East Indies at the time) when he sailed west from Spain. Of course, he was famously mistaken, though the name has remained. Within this large collection of islands are three main groups: the Bahamas, the Greater Antilles and the Lesser Antilles. The Bahamas include over 3,000 islands and reefs on the north and east side of the Caribbean Sea, beginning just off the coast of Florida. To the south are the islands of the Antilles. The name Antilles refers to a semi-mythical land called  Antilia  which can be found on many medieval maps. This was before Europeans traveled all the way across the Atlantic, but they did have an idea that some land was across the seas to the west, though it was often depicted as a large continent or island. When Columbus reached the West Indies, the name  Antilles was adopted for some of the islands. The Caribbean Sea is also known  as the Sea of the Antilles. What Are the Greater Antilles? The Greater Antilles are the four largest islands in the northwestern portion of the Caribbean Sea. This includes  Cuba, Hispaniola (the nations of  Haiti and the Dominican Republic), Jamaica, and Puerto Rico. In total, the Greater Antilles make up almost 90% of the land in the West Indies.  Cuba is the largest single island in the Caribbean.During the colonial period, the island of Hispaniola was known as Santo Domingo, named for the capital city of what is now the Dominican Republic. What Are the Lesser Antilles? The Lesser Antilles include the smaller islands of the Caribbean to the south and east of the Great Antilles. It begins just off the coast of Puerto Rico with the British and U.S. Virgin Islands and extends south to Grenada. Trinidad and Tobago, just off the Venezuelan coast, are also included, as is the east-west chain of islands that stretches to Aruba. The Lesser Antilles are further divided into two groups: the  Windward Islands and the  Leeward Islands.Aruba, Bonaire, and Curacao are known as the ABC islands and are territories of the Netherlands.A number of the Lesser Antilles islands are dependent on or territories of larger countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, Netherlands, and France.

Advance organizational behaviour Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Advance organizational behaviour - Coursework Example Thus, one of the most important contributions of romanticists is the creation of the inner self. The creation of the deep interior is common among mankind. All of us have capacities or capabilities or habits which are built deep inside us in our consciousness. These capacities are neither so visible nor so prevalent that they can be understood easily. Deep inside us in the interior there is a major constituent known as the soul. It is this soul which created more value and charm amongst the humans thereby, portraying them as powerful holding the ability to accomplish many tasks. The romanticists believed that the inner self of people had great potential and it was this which they discussed. For the romanticists today, people should try to spread love and moral values should be upheld. One should try to find the meaning of life and should figure out the importance of human life. Lately romanticists have been on the decline and even though there vocabulary and ideas still exist their i nfluence has mostly been from the sidelines. It has been the modernists that have taken over the position of the romanticists. Modernist ideas can be said to be a revival of the enlightenment beliefs of reason and observation. These relate to Darwinist ideas that there should be evolution and evolvement of the theories for its survival in the modern world. Also there are many truths hidden in this world that are yet to be discovered and therefore, there should be a search for these fundamentals or important truths. Along with the above two, modernism has other assumptions as well such as the faith in progress and the absorption of ideas into the way of life in the society. These assumptions have been largely encouraged by the scholars and have been implemented broadly when the society’s organization theories have been formed. As years have progressed modernism and romanticism have been studied, researched and analyzed in detail. However, when it comes to the application of th ese theories in the real world today these theories seem livid or impractical. As a result, people tend to look towards other theories and this is where post modernism comes in. People tend to look towards post modernism as a relevant theory because it tends to discuss those topics such as culture and intellect which the people are interested in. Postmodernist view, objective, universal, recognizable as the truth is the mythical, all we have ever found in the search for truth is painful â€Å"truths† that the only compelling in their own time and culture, but of course the truth is not has never been ours. Also, if we make a mistake to claim to know the truth, there are misleading at best and dangerous at worst. A person’s sense of identity is a complex designed by the forces of the surrounding culture. Individual consciousness – a vague â€Å"decentered† the collection of conscious and unconscious beliefs, knowledge and insight of themselves and the worl d – is malleable and arrived at through interaction with the surrounding culture. Postmodernism, then, as opposed to modernity is the dissolution of self. The postmodern perspective, we should not regard ourselves as unique, unified, confident, independent individuals. The language of our culture (visual and verbal cues that we use to represent the world to ourselves), literally â€Å"build† what we consider â€Å"real† in our daily lives. In this sense, the reality is a â€Å"text† or â€Å"composite† of texts and the texts (rather than God created reality) is the only reality we can know. Our sense of self – who we are, how we think about ourselves and how we see and interpret the world and give us a sense in it –

BP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

BP - Essay Example Among the various factors that affect blood pressure measurement is the lying or seated position. Clinicians suggest that the seated position is best for the measurement. While in the seated position another factor that also has an influence is the leg position. A flat feet position is generally recommended during blood pressure measurement. However, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of two leg positions on blood pressure in stage 1 or 2 hypertensive patients of Turkish origin and between 18 and 65 years of age. The measurement of the changes in blood pressure taken within a 3 minute interval between the two positions viz., feet flat and cross legged position is the major procedure of the study. The changes in both the systolic and diastolic pressures are to be considered. A comparison of the mean values of the two measurements calculated by a t-test is proposed to determine the effect of both the positions on the blood pressure of the patients. Previous studies carried out by other researchers have shown that crossed legged position had a prominent effect on blood pressure in hypertensive patients as it increased both the systolic and diastolic pressures. The physiological reason for the increase can be attributed to â€Å"a translocation of blood volume from the dependent vascular beds to the thoracic compartment†. While some other studies have not found any significant changes in blood pressure due to cross legged position and though the clinical guidelines do not emphasize the patients to keep a flat feet during measurement, the majority of studies that have recorded significant changes in blood pressure when the leg is cross legged cannot be ignored. Hence it is wise to follow the flat feet position during blood pressure measurement to avoid any errors or unwarranted changes in the measurement. The

SIM #11 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SIM #11 - Essay Example Paul expounds on the scope of leadership and the responsibility of every leader. 1 Thessalonians 5:12-24 is an important text because it defines the attitude that people should exhibit towards leaders in the community. Paul puts into perspective a number of issues such as the faint hearted and those who are bound by passion to respond to the call of the community of believers. There are weak believers who act differently from the rest of community of believers2. Paul states that leaders should strive to deal with individuals who are deemed deviant in the community as a consequence of making them have a sense of belonging. Consequently, Paul appeals to the leaders to encourage the faint hearted and the weak. In Mark 10: 42-45 the Bible says that an appropriate service commands respect that is shown through love. In the subsequent passages Paul elaborates on the life of a believer and the various tribulations that Christians face. The apostle Paul tells the believers to rejoice despite the tribulations and advises on the essence of prayer. Additionally, Paul underscores the importance of living a life that is guided by the spirit. He notes that spiritual well-being brings a connection to the divine. Paul also integrates the importance of the gift of prophecy among the believers. Ideally, leaders and the followers should have a relationship that is based on mutual respect and understanding everyones

Urie Bronfenbrenner Ecological System Theory

Urie Bronfenbrenner Ecological System Theory This paper will focus on the various human development theories and then try to connect them with public health issues. The public health concern that we have chosen for this paper is cigarette smoking. It is a big social problem and there is an urgent need of finding the root cause of the same. There is a growing need to find out ways in which one can connect this problem with the human development theory so that one can remove the root cause of the same. We have to see the behavioral trait of the person and find the common traits so that we can link them with a human development theory. In the first half of the paper we will focus on human development theories by Erikson, Bowlby, Bronfenbrenner, Piaget, and Freud. Then apply the theoretical elements of human behavior and development to a specific public health concern such as cigarette smoking, and how behavioral theories affect program delivery or health education efforts. Erickson View on Theory Erickson gave the world of psychology famously known as Eriksons stages of psychosocial development. These are the stages through which any developing human should pass from his early stage of infancy to the late stages of adulthood. In each of the stages, human confront new challenges and then his or her experience helps them to master the stage and move on to the next stage. If the challenges of one particular stage are not completed in the stage itself, then it will appear as a problem later in life. However, it was also mentioned that one need not master the stage or become super-efficient in one of the stages to move on to the next. This is not a preset condition in the model (Sigelman, Shaffer, 2013). The process of passing through each of those stages is a summation of social and biological changes that the person goes through. Each of these stages has some kind of virtues, psychosocial crisis, some kind of significant relationship and the questions which challenge the human during that period. John Bowlby- Contribution Attachment Theory Bowlby: John Bowlby is famous British psychologist who is known all over the world for his interest in child development and his amazing conceptual work in attachment theory. In case of infants when they are fighting for survival then they seek proximity to the figure with which they have attachments. This is what was his best study ever and was famously known as attachment theory. This general attachment was most visible in case of perceived alarm or some kind of visible distress (Bowlby, 1995). As the baby grows the foundation stones of his or her growth is laid on the attachment figure and the perceived behavior from the same. This whole process is not gender specific and will be shown towards any general person who shows care and is sensitive. The attachment theory is considered to be a great work in understanding the early part of social development of human. Urie Bronfenbrenner-Ecological System Theory Urie Bronfenbrenner is a famous Russian psychologist who is known for his work in the field of ecological systems theory. He was the prime person who was involved in development of this theory. He was considered to be a prime example in linking policy and social development of the child while understanding the psychology behind child development (Kail, Cavanaugh, 2010). His focus was on research and development of the policy. This is a prime example where a behavioral study was used in shaping up the policy matter. This would ideally create a society which learn from behaviors and then implement them across the policy. His statement was that basic science needs public policy more than public policy needing basic science. Under his ecological system theory, there are basically four kinds of systems in the world. These four systems are micro, meso, exo and finally macrosystem. The fifth system which was further added to the system was called chronosystem. John Piaget-Cognitive Theory Jean Piaget is known for his development of cognitive theory and it focusses on nature and development of human intelligence. It is a theory which will always remain on developmental stage. Under his thought process cognitive development is always a reorganization of various mental processes which is all total as a result of biological maturation and the environmental experience around (Santrock, 2007). Children in the world construct and understanding of the world around them and it is the mix of what they have already learnt and what they are learning which ultimately helps in cognitive thinking. Sigmun Freud Sigmund Freud believes that the basic behavior of the person and his or her personality trait takes place majorly till the age of 5. It is the early behavior and experiences which play a major part in developing personality of the person. It is one of the most controversial theories and is always in front of critical theory. In a simple example of the theory a person who is in some kind of early pressure then he or she will become over dependent and there are high chances of him and her inclined to smoking, over eating and drinking (Cherry, 2013). Linkage with Public Health concern Till now we have seen theories from various psychologists who have focused their work on human development. In this part of the paper we will explore some problem which is a genuine public health concern and will seek for ways in the human development theory of reaching the root cause of the same. The public health concern that we have chosen for this paper is cigarette smoking. It is a big social problem and there is an urgent need of finding the root cause of the same. There is a growing need to find out ways in one can connect this problem with the human development theory so one can remove the root cause of the same. We have to see the behavioral trait of the person and find the common traits so that we can link them with human development theory. Traits of a smoker Smoking is like an addiction to them. There is a belief process in the mind that I canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t live without it. It is like utter dependency on something. The person tends to get disturbed if not able to smoke. It is a perceived notion that smoking is relaxing the whole mindset of the person (Terracciano, Costa, 2013). There has been research which has shown that smokers are mostly impulsive and insecure personality types. It is this behavior of the person which has been mostly visible. We have tried figuring out few personality traits among smokers. Some of the common symptoms that exist are dependency, perceived notion, requirement, self-defeating behavior, impulsive and insecure personality. These are some of the very common traits which were observed in the people who smoke regularly. Linkage with Human development Theory In this part of the paper we will focus on the various aspects of different human development theories and how can they be linked to habit of smoking. Some of the key aspects in human development theory are: These are the stages through which any developing human should pass from his early stage of infancy to the late stages of adulthood. In each of the stages human confront new challenges and then his or her experience helps them to master the stage and move on to next stage. If a smoking habit is controlled in the stage in which it originates then there is very less chances that problem will go too far. There is a need of linkage and policies which does not encourage smoking at early stage (Vander Zanden, 2007). General attachment was most visible in case of perceived alarm or some kind of visible distress. As the baby grows the foundation stones of his or her growth is laid on the attachment figure and the perceived behavior from the same. It is the responsibility of the person who is attached with the child that right methods and beliefs are passed. If right habits are self-observed by the person attached then child will not take up wrong habits. There is prime example where a behavioral study was used in shaping up the policy matter. This would ideally create a society which learn from behaviors and then implement them across the policy. If one has to create a society which is free from smoking then policies of the region should promote this habit. As per the method human development theory it is very important that right state and national policies are created to support the ongoing movement. Under his thought process cognitive development is always a reorganization of various mental processes which is all total as a result of biological maturation and the environmental experience around. Children in the world construct and understanding of the world around them and it is the mix of what they have already learnt and what they are learning which ultimately helps in cognitive thinking. Hence it is imperative that childrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s growth period is full of right understanding keyed in early stage of life. It is the early behavior and experiences which play a major part in developing personality of the person. It is one of the most controversial theories and is always in front of critical theory. In a simple example of the theory a person who is in some kind of early pressure then he or she will become over dependent and there are high chances of him and her inclined to smoking, over eating and drinking. Conclusion In this paper we have explored the problem of smoking and its linkages with human development theory. We have seen how behavior attributes are generated and how do they flow in the linkages. In an ideal world scenario the learning from the human development theory should be used in policy making. Urie Bronfenbrenner was considered to be a prime example in linking policy and social development of the child while understanding the psychology behind child development. His focus was on research and development of the policy. This is a prime example where a behavioral study was used in shaping up the policy matter. This would ideally create a society which learn from behaviors and then implement them across the policy. This paper concludes that right methods and policies in the states should be the fall out of the learnings from the various human development theories. This actually helps in root cause analysis of the problems.

An Analysis of Elizabeth Bishops 12 OClock News Essay -- 12 O Clock

An Analysis of Elizabeth Bishop's 12 O'Clock News In â€Å"12 O’Clock News,† Elizabeth Bishop accentuates the difficulty involved in perceiving the â€Å"truth.† She utilizes a technique of constructing an exotic world out of objects that can be found in a newsroom. By defamiliarizing a newsroom, she questions our trust in what we perceive. Is it truly a journey to another world or just another perspective on something we are already familiar with? The intent of this transformation is to create a substitute for reality, analogous to the substitute reality which the media presents to us each day as its product, the â€Å"news.† The news media are capable of creating a world beyond what we see everyday, presenting us with what appears to be the truth about cultures we will never encounter firsthand. Bishop’s manipulation of a newsroom parallels the way the media distorts our perception of the world, and by doing so questions our ability to find our way out of this fog which is â€Å"reality.† By choosing the newsroom to manipulate in â€Å"12 O’Clock News,† Bishop draws attention to the relationship between the news and the public. Bishop never directly admits that it is a newsroom with which she has defamiliarized us. One indication of the setting being a newsroom is the format in which she presents the information. Along the left margin, Bishop includes a title or subject matter for each stanza, similar to the inclusion of a headline for each news story. These titles serve as clues to the reality of what she is presenting, allowing or urging us to relate the two or to keep in mind that although the objects she presents seem foreign, they are actually common and known to us. Comparing the two creates a clouding of perception; although the truth or... ...ndition of society. It is also somewhat optimistic since Bishop refers to the soldiers as â€Å"our opponents† or what we do not want to become. This alludes to the war that we must fight against ourselves to discern our path through the cloudy air that surrounds us. As much as we would like to believe this optimism, even that is unclear because Bishop delivers the entire poem with such skepticism that the words cannot be taken at face value. Is it possible to have a â€Å"superior vantage point,† or is this too optimistic? This â€Å"superior vantage point† could also be an admittance that Bishop herself is acting as the new media, throwing everything perceived throughout the poem into further question and cloudiness, leaving everything uncertain and up to us to elucidate. Work Cited * Elizabeth Bishop, â€Å"12 O’Clock News,† in Geography III (New York: Noonday Press, 1988).

Learning Disabilities Essay

Children that are dealing with learning disabilities have a difficult road ahead of them. If the disability is neglected or overlooked for too long, the probability of the child falling behind in school as well as social aspects in their life is very high. However, properly identifying the problem and determining the best steps to assist in managing the disability will be vital in their young lives in helping them to achieve their goals. Life can be difficult and sometimes cruel for children, let alone children that are dealing with learning disabilities. A learning disability is a neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to process and respond to information. Cognitive theory and children with learning disabilities have a close relationship. When talking about children who have learning disabilities, it is safe to say that they are not always identified in its earliest stage, which then can lead to long term problems in an individual’s life. From physical, emotional, and social obstacles, all of which they will encounter at some point in their lives if the necessary measures are not taken to help these children. Not having the organizational abilities to acquire the knowledge as it may be taught, limits the ability to properly learn. From the articles I have selected, Children With and Without Learning Disabilities: A Comparison of Processes and Outcomes Following Group Counseling, Analogical Problem Solving in Children With Verbal and Nonverbal Learning Disabilities, Working memory functioning in children with learning disabilities: does intelligence make a difference?, The Inhibition of Exogenous Distracting Information in Children with Learning Disabilities, and Cognitive functioning as measured by the WISC-R: Do children with learning disabilities have distinctive patterns of performance?, I will provide insight on how, why, and what the resolutions  are for these children. My chosen theory is relevant to my topic because a learning disability is a neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to process and respond to information. A child with a learning disability may not have any major sensory problems yet they may still struggle to keep up with people of their age in functions of learning and regular daily activities. Through our development process, we become equipped with skills in order to grow, succeed, and evolve into our adult life. When a development stage, cognitive development stage, shows that the basic listening, comprehension, writing, reading, speaking, and the ability to reason are not present, someone needs to identify and address the situation as early on as possible in order for the child to have a chance to grow in all other stages of development. â€Å"Children With and Without Learning Disabilities: A Comparison of Processes and Outcomes Following Group Counseling† article will help to shed some light on the events that occur during the counseling process. â€Å"Analogical Problem Solving in Children With Verbal and Nonverbal Learning Disabilities† will help me explain how the children struggle with problem solving when dealing with a learning disability. In the article â€Å"Working memory functioning in children with learning disabilities: does intelligence make a difference?† will identify the importance of having a good, functioning ability to memorize and how children that have learning disabilities usually lack this ability. Cognitive Theory and Learning Disabilities Cognitive theory and children with learning disabilities have a close relationship. When talking about children who have learning disabilities, it is safe to say that they are not always identified in its earliest stage, which then can lead to long term problems in an individual’s life. From physical, emotional, and social obstacles, all of which they will encounter at some point in their lives if the necessary measures are not taken to help these children. Not having the organizational abilities to acquire the knowledge as it may be taught, limits the ability to properly  learn. A learning disability is a neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to process and respond to information. A child with a learning disability may not have any major sensory problems yet they may still struggle to keep up with people of their age in functions of learning and regular daily activities. Through our development process, we become equipped with skills in order to grow, succeed, and evolve into our adult life. When a development stage, cognitive development stage, shows that the basic listening, comprehension, writing, reading, speaking, and the ability to reason are not present, someone needs to identify and address the situation as early on as possible in order for the child to have a chance to grow in all other stages of development. An example of the theory and condition where the two are intertwined would be when a child is in school and could be having difficulties with what other children take for granted as being simple skills that have been learned through development and interaction with parents, teachers, etc. In this child’s situation, he/she does not have the ability to understand the story that he had just read, and now has the task of answering questions about the story in writing. His cognitive development stage for some reason has not evolved the way it should have, which now has left him battling a learning disability that may have gone unnoticed by his parents. In this situation, it is now up to the teacher to be able to identify what is taking place and to make sure that the child receives the necessary attention and evaluation in order to help him/her overcome and cope with what they are struggling with. The difficult part in the whole process is identifying learning disabilities early on and being able to treat them appropriately and in a timely manner. With children, unless significant signs are present, the struggles early on could be attributed to just being a child if one isn’t familiar with the signs of a disability. Once the disability is diagnosed, many options and opportunities are present to help assist in the overcoming of the problems. However, if the disability goes undetected or ignored for too long, a life  of challenges lies ahead for the individual. Literature Review -Children With and Without Learning Disabilities: A Comparison of Processes and Outcomes Following Group Counseling. Authors name: Leichtentritt, Judith; Shechtman, Zipora. Publication date: Mar/Apr 2010 Title of publication: Journal of Learning Disabilities Summary: This study compared outcomes and processes in counseling groups of an expressive-supportive modality for children with learning disabilities (LD) and without them (NLD). Article relevance: This article provides and inside look and results into determining what the best form of counseling is for children with learning disabilities. -Analogical Problem Solving in Children With Verbal and Nonverbal Learning Disabilities. Authors name: Schiff, Rachel; Bauminger, Nirit Publication date: Jan 2009 Title of publication: Journal of Learning Disabilities Summary: In this study, they investigated the analogical problem-solving differences between children with verbal learning disabilities (VLD), nonverbal learning disabilities (NLD), or non-LD. Article relevance: This reference will help to show the struggles that LD children have in problem solving and the great disadvantage that they must overcome with this disability. Working memory functioning in children with learning disabilities: does intelligence make a difference? Authors name: Maehler, C; Schuchardt, K. Publication date: Jan 2009 Title of publication: Journal of Intellectual Disability Research Summary: The present study explored several functions of working memory. A working memory battery with tasks for the phonological loop, the visual-spatial sketchpad and central executive skills was presented in individual sessions to 27 children with learning disabilities and normal IQ (ICD-10: mixed disorders of scholastic skills), 27 children with learning disabilities and low IQ (intellectual disabilities), and a control group of 27 typically  developing children with regular school achievement levels and normal IQ. Article relevance: To show a comparison on how the functions of the brain are affected when dealing with a child with a learning disability. -The Inhibition of Exogenous Distracting Information in Children with Learning Disabilities. Authors name: Censabella, Sandrine; Marie-Pascale Noà «l Publication date: Sept/Oct 2005 Title of publication: Journal of Learning Disabilities Summary: This article reports on an experiment examining the capacities of children with LD to inhibit exogenous interference, such as automatic, prepotent responses and distractor interference. Article relevance: To support the fact that children with LD have interference with there working memory and to explain the possible solutions. -Cognitive functioning as measured by the WISC-R: Do children with learning disabilities have distinctive patterns of performance? Authors name: Amedeo D’ Angiulli; Siegel,Linda S. Publication date: Jan/Feb 2003 Title of publication: Journal of Learning Disabilities Summary: Patterns of performance on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) have been proposed as useful tools for the identification of children with learning disabilities (LD Article relevance: Support in the findings that children with an LD show a pattern in performance that can be determined in early stages in order to counteract the disability. Conclusion The reality of the situation is that learning disabilities in children will always be around. The hope is that someday, with improving knowledge and experimentation, we will have a solution in the process of treating the disability that will allow for the children that have the issues to not feel isolated. The fear alone of a child falling behind in school and in their social life is a stressful situation for that child. Identifying the  disability early and treating it properly is the key to a life without handcuffs.

Burro Genius

Gerardo Rodriguez Cruz Ms. Guinon English 50 26 March 2013 Stereotypes Good or Bad What can cause people to stereotype in the real world? According to lexiophiles. com â€Å"All Mexicans eat chili. † and â€Å"Mexicans only eat burritos and fajitas. † And according to Areli â€Å"Some stereotypes are and some others do not apply at all Mexicans. † In the United States there are so many ethnicities which all of them have a dream which to have the American dream. This causes a melting pot which means everyone wants to be the same.By reading Burro Genius every one should be like a salad everyone has a different role. By being as one whole is like boring or dull which no one wants that. There is one memoir where stereotyping is everything it is Burro Genius by Victor Villasenor. This book is about Victor living the life of a Mexican and how they struggle with stereotypes and racism. Stereotypes can cause people to fall for them and act out in acceptance, second they can single out which can lead to blocking, lastly pressure to fit in to comprehend.One socialization process is when others stereotypes a person and these influences cause them to believing it those assumptions. Howard and Victor are talking in the playground. When Howard said after the fight â€Å"My parents told me that Mexi-eee-cans always have knives. †(68). Victor did not know what to do because he liked Howard a lot that did not want Howard to get in trouble for getting around bad dirty people. Victor did not though that Mexicans would bring knives everywhere they went. The next day Victor brings not one but two knives to school. Teacher said â€Å"OH, A KNIFE!I TOLD’EM! I TOLD’EM that this was going to happen I was going to catch you little dirty spics with knives that day now I have. †(72). The stereotype that Howard said cause this to happen. Because the stereotype got stuck in Victor’s head. It could have been worse for Victor and people around him if the teacher did not see the knives. Victor could have gone into killing white people if he did not catch. Second discrimination can lead to resistance. Victor is in second grade when all of his race change Pressures to fit in the dominant culture can lead an ethnicity to assimilate.

I Got the Blues

I Got the Blues I Got the Blues I Got the Blues By Maeve Maddox Blue is not only a favorite color for a lot of people, it is a word that occurs in many English expressions, some of them oddly contradictory. Obscene language is said to be blue, yet blue laws are those that forbid activities considered irreligious to take place on Sunday. A common blue law in the United States forbids the sale of liquor on Sundays. The sky is blue but the gray coats of some dogs are also called blue. A blue mood is a sad mood. To have the blues is to be sad, and the Blues refers to a type of music about unhappy love. People who talk so much that others can hardly get a word in edgewise are said to talk a blue streak. (One can also cuss a blue streak.) Bluegrass (Poa pratensis) is a species of grass that is not native to the United States, but is closely associated with Kentucky, which is known as the Bluegrass State. Bluegrass music is a sub-genre of country music which relies mostly on stringed instruments such as acoustic guitar, mandolin, fiddle, and banjo. A bluebird is what the name implies, a bird with blue feathers. Some have red breast feathers. The Eastern Bluebird is New Yorks state bird. In literature and art, the bluebird is a symbol of happiness. Blue chip stocks are Wall Street investments considered to be safe because they are issued by the most successful, most profitable companies. When the expression was coined, casino poker chips with the highest value were the blue ones. A blue blood is a person of aristocratic lineage. The expression is from Spanish sangre azul. It was coined to distinguish families of Castile that did not have Moorish or Jewish ancestors from those who did. The underlying idea is that blood veins are blue and the lighter the skin, the bluer the veins look. The term Bluestocking was coined in the 18th century. At first it was applied in a derogatory sense to both men and women who attended Elizabeth Montagus fashionable London literary salon. It was the men who wore the blue stockings, but the term quickly became a common tag for a woman who likes to discuss literature. To say that something happens in a blue moon is to say that it rarely happens. Then theres Ol Blue Eyes, a common epithet for singer Frank Sinatra. How many more blue expressions can you think of? More about Blue as color of dogs coat Kentucky bluegrass Bluegrass music Eastern bluebird blue moon Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Meaning of "To a T"The Difference Between "will" and "shall"Plurals of Proper Names

Electoral College in Todays World essays

Electoral College in Todays World essays Electoral College in Todays World On November 7th, 2000, registered citizens of United States voted. I believed that my vote would make a great difference as to who would be president. Later that evening the news slowly displayed the progress of each state as all of the votes were tallied. There was much confusion as I watched. I didnt know that the president and vice president were elected by a non-direct, nation-wide vote. What was the purpose of the electoral vote? Did my vote even make a difference? I needed to better understand exactly how we elect the president and vice president. What is the Electoral College? I learned that every four years you vote. When you vote, each individual vote helps decide which candidate receives your states electoral votes. The electors elect the president and vice president by casting electoral votes for the presidential candidate who carries their state. Each states allotment of electors is equal to the number of house members to which its entitled plus two senators. Essentially the Electoral College system is a method of indirectly selecting the President of the United States. It is part of the elite theory of making sure that direct voters did not select a poor candidate for President, if direct election split the vote and a poor candidate was elected by popular vote. The founders of the nation devised the Electoral College system as part of their plan to share power between the States and the national government. The founders of the nation devised the Electoral College system as stated in article 2 of the Constitution. This system allows the sharing of power between states and government in an organized manner. Each state shall appoint [...] a number of electors, equal to the whole number of senators and representatives to which the state may be entitled in the congress. But no Senator or Representative, or person holding an of...

Experience Essay

Experience Essay Experience Essay Experience Essay: Writing Tips As a rule people are asked to write experience essays when they apply for a new job, as a rule. In this case, the essay writing tips may be quite helpful for people in this case, and the person should be acknowledged how to write experience essay correctly in order not to spoil the whole process of writing as this may be quite helpful for people for their future occupation. When a person does not know how to write this very task and does not know even some easy rules to follow then it is necessary to implement the proper knowledge and also understanding of the problem. In this case, it is also advisable to use the Internet and become confident in the necessity of the present knowledge for the proper implementation of the task. Experience Essay: The Procedure to Follow! When the person wants to get the job and wants to be sure that the present job is something important for them, then the person must remember all the rules that may be helpful for people while writing experience essay. First of all, in order to make it better, it is necessary to write it and include all the necessary information in it that may be important for your future employer. The main aim of experience essay is to provide true to life personal information about your past experiences and professional abilities for future life, It may be helpful for people to practice their writing skills with the help of some writing assignments and proper tasks that may be helpful and can increase the potential of the person: Besides, when the person must implement the task and write an experience essay, they must be properly prepared also not only grammatically, but also lexically, as the level of mistakes in such kind of job must be very low. Experience Essay: How to Make it Better? To make the written task better and to improve its quality, the person must edit the experience essay after it was implemented, you can do this alone or ask for help on the part of professionals and teachers, or even order the editing service online, where the professional writers not only check the work properly but also can even change some lexical structures in the content of the article. The role of experience essay is quite high when the person applies for a new job on this or that company and wants to include everything that may be helpful for them in order to impress the future employers. Read also: Dissertation Service Dissertation Help APA Thesis Writing a Term Paper Write a Term Paper

Research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 15

Research paper - Essay Example In the following paragraphs, we will try to extract the information about the life of this great man from the biographies written about William Shakespeare. Shakespeare was the offspring of an alderman, John Shakespeare and Mary Arden, a daughter of a wealthy farmer. The birthplace of this great poet is Stratford-upon-Avon. No exact information is available about is date of birth but he was known to have been baptized on 26th April, 1564. There is no record of date of birth in church’s register but â€Å"traditionally, Shakespeare’s birthday has been 23rd April, which was feast of St.George† ( Potter 1). William Shakespeare was named after his godfather, William and â€Å" according to Camden, this name has been most common in England since king William the Conqueror â€Å" ( qtd. in Potter 5). The early schooling of the bard was done at King’ s New School situated at Stratford. At the age of 18 he married Anne Hathaway who was eight years older than he. The couple had to hasten their marriage due to the pregnancy of Anne. The couple had three children, the eldest a daughter name Susanna and twins Hamnet an d Judith. The son died in childhood at the age of 11. Bevington refers to the controversy regarding the religious affiliations of Shakespeare and suggests that no one has the sure knowledge whether he belonged to Anglican church or was a covert believer of Catholic church. He also alludes to the skeptic mind of the great poet ( Bevington ch. 2). Schoenbaum reveals that during Shakespeare’s time church going was compulsory and the people who did not attend the church were dragged to church by church court and were imposed heavy fines. Throwing light on religious leanings of William Shakespeare, Schoenbaum declares that â€Å" the religious training provided for Shakespeare by his community was orthodox and Protestant† ( 55). He also clarifies the claims that Shakespeare was a

Architecture of a structure in Abu Dhabi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Architecture of a structure in Abu Dhabi - Essay Example The essay "Architecture of a structure in Abu Dhabi" explores the city Abu Dhabi and its architecture and building structure. When talking about building structures whether they be simple bridges or colossal skyscraper monoliths, one must always take into account both architecture and engineering. Science and art are two sides of the same coin. Engineering is described in the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary as â€Å"the design and manufacture of complex products† as well as â€Å"the application of science and mathematics by which the properties of matter and sources of energy in nature are made useful to people.† It is then the scientific aspect of construction, it is the theory used and applied by engineers to safely construct structures and making them fundamentally sound for use. The same site gives this definition for architecture; â€Å"the art or science of building; specifically: the art or practice of designing and building structures and especially habitabl e ones.† By the definition of architecture given here, both art and science coexists in achieving the purpose of both engineering and architecture. Although they may have varying degrees of thought and practice, they ultimately have the same goal; to construct beautiful and inspiring structures for mankind. But art is also subject to the traditions and influences of the local context and culture. Given the Middle-Eastern impression and history of the city, Abu-Dhabi has a definite edge and a very distinct face when it comes to its architecture.

Expectancy theory in nursing Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Expectancy theory in nursing - Article Example There are three components of expectancy theory, which are expectancy, valence, and instrumentality. In expectancy, the belief is that the efforts of an individual’s determine their attainment of desired performance and goals. To do so, the individuals have to develop their self-efficacy by assessing whether they have the required skills and knowledge to achieve the desired goals. Goals difficulty occurs when the set goals are set too high or the achievement of the performance expectations are set too hard. This leads to low expectancy especially when the desired results of an individual are un-attainable according to the beliefs of the individual. An individual may also get the perceived control where they believe that there is some degree of control over their expected outcome. If such individuals believe that the outcome is beyond their perceived outcomes, then their ability to influence is low leading to low motivation. In instrumentality, individuals believe that they will receive a reward if they meet the performance expectations set. This may be in form of a promotion, salary increment, or recognition. Valence, on the other hand, is the individuals’ beliefs in the reward of certain outcome. It is based on their goals, motivational factors, and values. Expectancy theory is related to nursing management in that it allows the nurse managers to ensure that their employees are well motivated to maximize on their potential. It ensures that the nurse managers come up with policies to ensure that each successful outcome of the nurses’ performance is rewarded. They ensure that the efforts made by all the nurses will result into attainment of desired goals and objectives (Yoder-Wise, 2014). To do so, the nurses have to have the required belief in their ability to achieve the set goals and ensure that the goals set are not too high for the nurse to achieve. Â  

Communication Method Preferred By Workers Statistics Project

Communication Method Preferred By Workers - Statistics Project Example The results saw more company employees suggest to side with formal communication. Basing on the sample used, the results were as follows. Eighteen of the employees suggested that the best communication method for them would be the formal communication method, only eight members believed that informal methods like grapevine could aid in communication in the company while only four employees remained neutral with no particular side to support. According to the graph, the results remain in support of the employee communication as a means of people to create a force that works together and more bound. According to the graph, many of the employees rather supported the use of formal means of communication rating it than using the informal means. The neutral part remained accounted for but only four voted believing that they had no particular side of communication. These results indicated that the use of formal communication means could help hasten up the operations of the company despite the different disadvantages of the two. The informal means include the use of grape vine, which may also cause difficulties in interactions. The informal means provides the unofficial way of propelling information (DuBrin,